NYC to Istanbul Flight Time: 9+ Hours


NYC to Istanbul Flight Time: 9+ Hours

The period of a journey by air between New York Metropolis and Istanbul is influenced by a number of elements, together with the precise departure and arrival airports, the airline chosen, potential layovers, and prevailing wind situations. Continuous flights typically vary between 9 and eleven hours. Connecting flights, which regularly contain a cease in one other European metropolis, can considerably prolong the general journey time, generally as much as 15 hours or extra.

Understanding the everyday flight period is essential for vacationers planning journeys between these two main worldwide hubs. Correct time estimations allow efficient itinerary planning, permitting vacationers to think about journey time when reserving lodging, scheduling conferences, or arranging floor transportation. Traditionally, the event of extra environment friendly plane and optimized flight routes has regularly lowered journey time between distant cities like New York and Istanbul, facilitating better international connectivity and cultural change.

This text will additional discover the varied elements influencing flight period, present steerage on choosing optimum flight routes, supply suggestions for managing long-haul flights comfortably, and talk about the historic evolution of air journey between North America and Turkey.

1. Direct flights

The assertion “Direct flights: September 11 hours” gives an important baseline for understanding the general matter of flight period between New York and Istanbul. This vary represents essentially the most environment friendly journey possibility, minimizing general time spent in transit. The absence of layovers, aircraft adjustments, and prolonged floor waits contributes considerably to this effectivity. Selecting a direct flight typically interprets to much less fatigue for vacationers and permits for faster arrival on the closing vacation spot.

For instance, a enterprise traveler needing to attend a gathering in Istanbul shortly after arrival would possible prioritize a direct flight. The predictable journey window provided by a continuous possibility permits for extra environment friendly scheduling. Equally, vacationers with tight connections to different locations or time-sensitive engagements profit considerably from the lowered journey time provided by direct flights. Whereas probably dearer, the time saved typically outweighs the fee distinction for these people. Conversely, leisure vacationers with extra versatile schedules would possibly take into account longer, connecting flights, significantly if price financial savings are a precedence.

Understanding the September 11 hour benchmark for direct flights permits vacationers to evaluate the relative worth of connecting flights, weigh the cost-benefit evaluation of varied itineraries, and finally make knowledgeable choices tailor-made to particular person journey wants. The implications of this time vary are vital in managing expectations, planning itineraries, and optimizing the general journey expertise. It serves as a basic factor throughout the broader context of journey between New York and Istanbul.

2. Connecting flights

The period estimate “12-15+ hours” for connecting flights between New York and Istanbul represents a major facet of the general journey time concerns. Not like direct flights, connecting itineraries introduce further complexities and variables that affect general period. Understanding these nuances is essential for vacationers evaluating numerous flight choices.

  • Layover Places and Durations

    Connecting flights necessitate layovers, usually in European hub airports similar to Amsterdam, Paris, or Frankfurt. Layover durations can vary from a minimal of 1 hour to a number of hours, considerably impacting the general journey time. A brief layover could contain a fast switch between gates, whereas longer layovers would possibly enable for exploring the airport and even briefly visiting the layover metropolis. The selection of layover location and period considerably influences the general flight time and requires cautious analysis throughout reserving.

  • Airline Partnerships and Interline Agreements

    Connecting flights typically contain a number of airways working completely different legs of the journey. These partnerships, ruled by interline agreements, facilitate baggage switch and coordinated scheduling. Nevertheless, discrepancies in airline operations or unexpected delays with one airline can affect subsequent connecting flights, probably resulting in prolonged journey instances and missed connections. Vacationers ought to concentrate on these potential complexities when choosing connecting flights involving a number of airways.

  • Value Issues and Commerce-offs

    Connecting flights typically current a decrease price various to direct flights. The price financial savings might be substantial, making them enticing to budget-conscious vacationers. Nevertheless, the trade-off includes elevated journey time, potential layover inconveniences, and a better threat of disruptions. Assessing the cost-benefit ratio of connecting flights requires cautious consideration of particular person priorities and journey constraints.

  • Potential for Disruptions and Delays

    Connecting flights introduce extra factors of potential disruption in comparison with direct flights. Delays in any leg of the journey can have cascading results, resulting in missed connections and prolonged layovers. Elements like climate situations, air visitors congestion, or mechanical points can affect any section of a connecting flight, growing the general threat of delays and disruptions. Vacationers ought to account for this elevated threat and take into account buffer time of their itineraries.

The 12-15+ hour estimate for connecting flights underscores the significance of cautious planning and consideration of all related elements. Whereas price financial savings could also be attractive, the potential for elevated journey time, disruptions, and layover complexities requires cautious analysis. In the end, the optimum alternative between a direct or connecting flight depends upon particular person journey wants, priorities, and threat tolerance. Understanding the nuances of connecting flights and their implications throughout the context of “how lengthy is a flight from New York to Istanbul” empowers vacationers to make knowledgeable choices and handle expectations successfully.

3. Airline Variations

Airline variations play a major function in figuring out flight period between New York and Istanbul. Totally different airways make the most of various plane sorts, implement distinct route methods, and prioritize completely different operational efficiencies. These elements contribute to noticeable variations in general flight instances, even for seemingly comparable itineraries. Understanding these airline-specific nuances is essential for vacationers searching for to optimize journey time.

As an example, an airline working a more recent, extra fuel-efficient plane would possibly obtain a barely quicker cruising velocity, probably shaving off beneficial time on a long-haul flight like New York to Istanbul. Conversely, an airline prioritizing cost-effectiveness would possibly go for older plane or much less direct routes, probably extending the general journey. Moreover, an airline’s inner operational procedures, similar to floor dealing with effectivity at airports, can even affect departure and arrival instances, not directly impacting the whole flight period. Selecting an airline with a repute for on-time efficiency and environment friendly operations is usually a key think about minimizing general journey time.

Moreover, route choice constitutes a major differentiator between airways. Whereas some prioritize direct, “nice circle” routes for minimal journey time, others would possibly incorporate intermediate stops for refueling or passenger switch, probably lengthening the journey. Moreover, elements like air visitors management directives and prevailing wind situations, whereas outdoors the direct management of airways, work together with airline-specific route selections to affect general flight period. Recognizing these complexities and researching airline-specific flight information and critiques can empower vacationers to pick out airways and routes optimized for his or her particular time constraints and journey preferences. Understanding the affect of airline variations gives beneficial context throughout the broader query of “how lengthy is a flight from New York to Istanbul,” finally enabling vacationers to make knowledgeable choices and handle expectations successfully.

4. Particular Routes

The particular route an plane takes between New York and Istanbul instantly impacts the general flight period. Variations in flight paths come up attributable to a number of elements, together with air visitors management, climate patterns, geopolitical concerns, and airline-specific route optimization methods. Understanding the affect of particular routes is essential for vacationers searching for to attenuate journey time or anticipate potential variations in flight period.

  • Nice Circle Routes

    Nice circle routes signify the shortest distance between two factors on a sphere, similar to Earth. Flights typically approximate these routes to attenuate gas consumption and flight time. Nevertheless, deviations from the best nice circle path continuously happen attributable to elements like restricted airspace or antagonistic climate situations. For New York to Istanbul, a real nice circle route would possibly traverse sure areas with political sensitivities or unfavorable climate patterns, necessitating changes to the flight path and probably growing journey time. Whereas theoretically essentially the most environment friendly path, real-world constraints typically necessitate deviations from the best nice circle route, influencing flight period.

  • Climate-Associated Deviations

    Climate programs, significantly jet stream patterns and storm fronts, considerably affect flight routes and durations. Airways continuously regulate flight paths to keep away from antagonistic climate situations, similar to robust headwinds or areas of turbulence. These deviations, whereas vital for passenger security and luxury, can add to the general flight time. As an example, a flight from New York to Istanbul would possibly want to avoid a significant storm system over the Atlantic, including further mileage and time to the journey. Actual-time climate information performs an important function in figuring out the optimum flight path and anticipating potential delays.

  • Airspace Restrictions and Geopolitical Elements

    Geopolitical occasions and airspace restrictions imposed by numerous international locations can necessitate vital alterations to flight routes. Sure areas could be briefly or completely closed to civilian air visitors attributable to political instability or army workouts. Airways should adhere to those restrictions, probably requiring substantial rerouting and including appreciable time to flights between New York and Istanbul. Monitoring present geopolitical conditions and understanding their potential affect on air journey is essential for managing expectations and anticipating potential delays.

  • Airline Route Optimization Methods

    Airways make use of subtle route optimization methods, factoring in quite a few variables to find out essentially the most environment friendly flight paths. These methods take into account elements similar to gas prices, wind situations, airspace congestion, and operational constraints. An airline would possibly select a barely longer route over a shorter one if the longer route presents extra favorable wind situations, finally lowering gas consumption and probably shortening the general flight time. These advanced calculations underscore the affect of airline-specific route planning on the general period of flights between New York and Istanbul.

The interaction of those elements underscores the dynamic nature of flight routes and their direct affect on the period of flights between New York and Istanbul. Vacationers ought to take into account that revealed flight instances are estimates primarily based on superb situations and that real-world elements can introduce variations. Monitoring flight standing, understanding potential route deviations, and selecting airways identified for environment friendly route planning can contribute to a smoother and extra predictable journey expertise. In the end, recognizing the importance of particular routes gives essential context throughout the broader query of flight period.

5. Wind Situations

Wind situations represent a major issue influencing the period of flights between New York and Istanbul. Prevailing winds, significantly the jet stream, can both help or impede an plane’s progress, instantly impacting general flight time. Understanding the affect of wind patterns is essential for vacationers searching for to handle expectations and anticipate potential variations in flight period.

  • Jet Stream Affect

    The jet stream, a high-altitude band of fast-moving air, usually flows from west to east throughout the North Atlantic. Flights touring eastward from New York to Istanbul can profit considerably from a tailwind generated by the jet stream, lowering journey time. Conversely, westward flights from Istanbul to New York typically encounter headwinds, growing flight period and gas consumption. The energy and place of the jet stream range seasonally, influencing flight instances all year long.

  • Headwinds and Tailwinds

    Headwinds, blowing instantly in opposition to the plane’s route of journey, improve air resistance and successfully gradual the aircraft down, extending flight time. Tailwinds, pushing the plane from behind, present an added increase of velocity, shortening journey time. The affect of headwinds and tailwinds is especially pronounced on long-haul flights like New York to Istanbul, the place even small variations in wind velocity can accumulate over the course of the journey, leading to noticeable variations in arrival instances.

  • Wind Shear and Turbulence

    Wind shear, a sudden change in wind velocity or route, can create turbulent situations, posing challenges for pilots and probably impacting flight paths. Whereas indirectly affecting general flight period in the identical approach as constant headwinds or tailwinds, wind shear can necessitate changes to altitude and airspeed, probably influencing journey time not directly. Furthermore, extreme turbulence can generally require plane to deviate from their deliberate routes to keep away from hazardous situations, additional impacting flight period.

  • Predicting and Accounting for Wind Situations

    Airways make the most of subtle meteorological information and forecasting fashions to foretell wind situations and optimize flight plans accordingly. Whereas exact predictions stay difficult, airways issue anticipated wind patterns into their flight schedules and gas calculations. These predictions contribute to the estimated flight instances supplied to passengers. Nevertheless, surprising shifts in wind patterns throughout flight can nonetheless affect general period, highlighting the dynamic nature of wind’s affect on air journey.

The affect of wind situations underscores the advanced interaction of pure forces and aviation operations in figuring out the period of flights between New York and Istanbul. Vacationers ought to acknowledge that revealed flight instances function estimates, and precise durations can range attributable to real-time wind situations encountered en route. Monitoring climate forecasts and understanding the affect of wind patterns can contribute to extra knowledgeable journey planning and practical expectations relating to flight period.

6. Time of Yr

Time of yr considerably influences flight period between New York and Istanbul. Seasonal differences in climate patterns, significantly the jet stream, instantly affect flight paths and journey instances. The place and energy of the jet stream fluctuate all year long, leading to various headwinds and tailwinds that have an effect on plane velocity and, consequently, general flight period. Throughout winter months, the jet stream usually strengthens and shifts southward, resulting in stronger headwinds for westward flights and probably lowering journey time for eastward flights. Conversely, throughout summer season months, a weaker, extra northerly jet stream can lead to lowered tailwinds for eastward flights, probably growing journey time.

For instance, a flight from New York to Istanbul in January would possibly expertise a shorter journey time attributable to stronger tailwinds related to the winter jet stream. Nevertheless, the identical flight in July would possibly encounter weaker tailwinds and even headwinds, resulting in an extended flight period. This seasonal variability underscores the significance of contemplating time of yr when estimating journey time. Airways account for these seasonal wind patterns when scheduling flights and calculating gas necessities, however precise flight instances can nonetheless deviate from revealed schedules attributable to real-time climate situations. Understanding these seasonal influences permits vacationers to handle expectations and plan accordingly.

In conclusion, time of yr represents an important issue affecting flight period between New York and Istanbul. Seasonal differences within the jet stream and prevailing wind patterns introduce variability in journey instances. Recognizing these seasonal influences empowers vacationers to anticipate potential deviations from revealed schedules, facilitating extra practical planning and knowledgeable decision-making. This understanding contributes to a extra complete perspective on the complexities influencing air journey between these two main worldwide hubs.

7. Departure Airport

Departure airport choice considerably influences the general period of a flight from New York to Istanbul. Whereas the New York metropolitan space presents three main worldwide airports John F. Kennedy Worldwide Airport (JFK), Newark Liberty Worldwide Airport (EWR), and LaGuardia Airport (LGA) solely JFK and EWR supply direct flights to Istanbul. Selecting LGA necessitates a connecting flight, including a number of hours to the general journey. Moreover, even between JFK and EWR, slight variations in flight instances can happen attributable to variations in air visitors management procedures, runway congestion, and airline-specific operational efficiencies. As an example, a flight departing from JFK throughout peak hours would possibly expertise taxi delays, impacting general journey time, whereas a flight from EWR throughout off-peak hours might probably depart extra shortly.

The selection of departure airport additionally influences the out there airline and route choices. Sure airways function solely from particular airports, probably limiting selections for vacationers constrained by departure location. This limitation can have an effect on entry to direct flights, most well-liked plane sorts, or particular alliance partnerships, additional impacting general flight period. For instance, a person prioritizing a direct flight on a selected airline could be restricted to departing from JFK if that airline doesn’t function from EWR. Conversely, a traveler searching for a extra budget-friendly possibility with a connecting flight would possibly discover a broader vary of selections departing from EWR. Contemplating these elements permits for a extra strategic collection of departure airport, optimizing journey time and aligning with particular person preferences.

In abstract, cautious collection of the departure airport throughout the New York space represents an important element in managing the general period of a flight to Istanbul. Elements similar to availability of direct flights, airline-specific operations, and potential for floor delays contribute to variations in journey time. Understanding these nuances and strategically choosing a departure airport empowers vacationers to optimize their itineraries and align their journey plans with particular person priorities and time constraints.

8. Arrival Airport

Arrival airport concerns considerably affect general journey time between New York and Istanbul. Whereas Istanbul Airport (IST) serves as the first worldwide gateway, understanding its operational traits and potential for floor delays contributes to a extra correct evaluation of complete journey period. Elements similar to airport dimension, customs and immigration procedures, baggage dealing with effectivity, and floor transportation choices all contribute to the time spent after touchdown, impacting general journey expertise. For instance, a flight arriving throughout peak hours at IST would possibly expertise longer taxi instances and potential delays at immigration or baggage declare, including to the whole journey time past the scheduled flight period. Conversely, an arrival throughout off-peak hours would possibly enable for a smoother, quicker transition by the airport, minimizing further time spent on the bottom.

Moreover, potential diversions to Sabiha Gken Worldwide Airport (SAW), Istanbul’s secondary airport, can considerably alter journey plans and general period. Whereas much less frequent, diversions attributable to climate or operational points at IST necessitate further journey time to achieve the meant vacation spot inside Istanbul. The space between SAW and central Istanbul is significantly better than from IST, requiring extra in depth floor transportation preparations and including considerably to the general journey time. Understanding the potential of diversions and their potential affect on floor transportation logistics permits vacationers to anticipate and mitigate potential disruptions.

In abstract, contemplating the arrival airport’s operational traits, potential for delays, and the potential of diversions is crucial for precisely estimating complete journey time between New York and Istanbul. Whereas flight period represents a core element, accounting for arrival airport-specific elements permits vacationers to develop extra practical expectations, handle potential delays successfully, and make knowledgeable choices relating to floor transportation preparations. This complete strategy ensures a smoother, extra predictable journey expertise and aligns with the practicalities of worldwide journey.

9. Layover Length

Layover period performs a essential function in figuring out the general journey time between New York and Istanbul, significantly for itineraries involving connecting flights. This seemingly easy factor introduces vital complexity to journey planning, influencing not solely the whole time spent in transit but in addition the potential for disruptions, added prices, and general journey expertise. A radical understanding of layover period’s implications is crucial for knowledgeable decision-making.

  • Minimal Connection Instances and Danger Evaluation

    Airways set up minimal connection instances (MCTs) at airports, representing the shortest allowable time between connecting flights. Whereas adhering to MCTs theoretically ensures adequate time for transferring between gates, elements similar to airport dimension, terminal structure, and potential safety or immigration procedures can affect the feasibility of reaching a easy connection. Shorter layovers, whereas probably minimizing general journey time, improve the danger of missed connections attributable to unexpected delays. For instance, a one-hour layover in a big, unfamiliar airport like Frankfurt presents a better threat in comparison with a two-hour layover, significantly for vacationers unfamiliar with the airport’s structure. Assessing the danger related to brief layovers requires cautious consideration of airport-specific elements and potential for delays.

  • Prolonged Layovers and Transit Visa Necessities

    Prolonged layovers, exceeding a number of hours, can considerably improve general journey time however supply sure benefits. They’ll present alternatives to discover the layover metropolis, loosen up in airport lounges, or just cut back the stress of a good connection. Nevertheless, prolonged layovers introduce further concerns, similar to potential transit visa necessities. Relying on nationality and the layover nation’s laws, vacationers would possibly require a transit visa even when they don’t intend to depart the airport. As an example, sure nationalities require a transit visa for even a brief layover in some European international locations. Failing to account for visa necessities can lead to denied boarding and vital disruptions to journey plans.

  • Layover Actions and Related Prices

    Layover period influences the vary of actions out there to vacationers. Brief layovers usually limit actions to important duties like navigating to the connecting gate, whereas longer layovers would possibly allow exploring airport facilities, accessing lounges, and even briefly visiting close by points of interest. Nevertheless, these actions can introduce further prices. Airport lounge entry typically requires cost or membership, and venturing outdoors the airport necessitates floor transportation bills and potential meal prices. For instance, a traveler with a protracted layover in Amsterdam would possibly determine to go to the town heart, incurring transportation and meal bills. Factoring in these potential prices is essential when budgeting for a visit with connecting flights.

  • Affect on Passenger Fatigue and Consolation

    Layover period considerably impacts passenger fatigue and general consolation. Brief layovers can introduce stress and nervousness related to navigating unfamiliar airports and dashing to make connections. Conversely, prolonged layovers, whereas providing a break from flying, can nonetheless contribute to general fatigue, significantly if spent in uncomfortable airport seating or coping with surprising delays. Furthermore, disruptions to sleep patterns throughout lengthy layovers can affect a traveler’s means to regulate to the time zone change upon arrival in Istanbul. Contemplating the affect on private well-being and potential fatigue is essential when evaluating layover choices.

In conclusion, layover period represents a multifaceted factor throughout the broader context of journey time between New York and Istanbul. Balancing the need to attenuate general journey time with the potential dangers and added complexities related to numerous layover durations requires cautious planning and consideration of particular person priorities. Understanding the implications of every facet of layover period empowers vacationers to make knowledgeable choices, handle expectations successfully, and optimize the general journey expertise.

Incessantly Requested Questions

This part addresses frequent inquiries relating to flight durations between New York and Istanbul, offering concise and informative responses to facilitate knowledgeable journey planning.

Query 1: What’s the typical flight period for a continuous flight between New York and Istanbul?

Continuous flights typically vary from 9 to eleven hours, relying on particular routes, wind situations, and airline operational procedures.

Query 2: How do connecting flights affect general journey time?

Connecting flights introduce layovers, starting from one hour to a number of hours, which considerably prolong general journey time. Complete period, together with layovers, can vary from 12 to fifteen hours or extra.

Query 3: Which New York space airports supply direct flights to Istanbul?

John F. Kennedy Worldwide Airport (JFK) and Newark Liberty Worldwide Airport (EWR) supply direct flights. LaGuardia Airport (LGA) requires a connecting flight.

Query 4: How do differences due to the season have an effect on flight instances?

Seasonal adjustments in wind patterns, significantly the jet stream, affect flight durations. Eastbound flights would possibly expertise shorter journey instances throughout winter attributable to stronger tailwinds. Westbound flights could also be equally affected in the summertime.

Query 5: What function do airways play in influencing flight period?

Airways make the most of completely different plane sorts, route methods, and operational procedures, resulting in variations in flight instances. Plane velocity, route effectivity, and floor dealing with procedures all contribute to those variations.

Query 6: How can vacationers mitigate the affect of potential delays?

Reserving flights with respected airways identified for on-time efficiency, choosing itineraries with affordable layover durations, and monitoring flight standing updates might help mitigate potential delays. Constructing buffer time into journey plans additionally gives flexibility.

Cautious consideration of those elements empowers vacationers to make knowledgeable choices and handle expectations successfully. Flight period represents a dynamic factor influenced by numerous interconnected elements, necessitating thorough planning for optimum journey experiences.

The next part will supply sensible suggestions for reserving flights and managing long-haul journey successfully.

Suggestions for Managing Flights Between New York and Istanbul

The following pointers supply steerage for planning and managing air journey between New York and Istanbul, specializing in optimizing flight choice and enhancing passenger consolation throughout long-haul journeys.

Tip 1: E-book Direct Flights When Possible: Direct flights reduce general journey time and cut back the danger of disruptions related to connecting itineraries. Whereas probably dearer, the time saved and lowered complexity typically outweigh the fee distinction, significantly for time-sensitive journey.

Tip 2: Analysis Airline-Particular Flight Durations and Routes: Airways make use of various plane and route methods, impacting flight instances. Consulting airline web sites or flight comparability platforms permits knowledgeable route and airline choice primarily based on most well-liked period and layover choices. For instance, evaluating Turkish Airways versus Lufthansa reveals potential route and time variations.

Tip 3: Think about Layover Length Fastidiously: Consider airport layouts, potential transit visa necessities, and private consolation ranges when assessing layover durations. Prolonged layovers can cut back connection stress however would possibly introduce fatigue or necessitate visa concerns. A short layover in a small airport differs considerably from one in a big, advanced hub.

Tip 4: Account for Seasonal Wind Patterns: Time of yr influences flight period attributable to differences due to the season in jet stream energy and route. Flights eastward throughout winter would possibly expertise shorter durations attributable to tailwinds, whereas westward flights throughout summer season might face headwinds.

Tip 5: Consider Floor Transportation Time at Each Airports: Think about floor transportation choices and potential delays at each departure and arrival airports when estimating complete journey time. Airport dimension, customs procedures, and baggage declare effectivity affect the general period. JFK’s floor transportation choices differ considerably from IST’s, impacting general journey time.

Tip 6: Pack Strategically for Lengthy-Haul Consolation: Packing necessities like neck pillows, eye masks, earplugs, and comfy clothes enhances in-flight consolation throughout lengthy journeys. Hydration and lightweight snacks additionally contribute to well-being.

Tip 7: Handle Jet Lag Proactively: Adjusting sleep schedules earlier than departure, staying hydrated throughout flight, and using mild remedy upon arrival can reduce jet lag’s affect. Understanding time zone variations and planning accordingly enhances post-arrival adaptation.

Efficient planning and knowledgeable decision-making contribute considerably to optimizing journey experiences between New York and Istanbul. Contemplating these elements permits vacationers to attenuate journey time, handle potential disruptions, and improve general consolation throughout long-haul flights.

This steerage facilitates knowledgeable journey planning for a seamless expertise between New York and Istanbul. The following part will conclude with a abstract of key concerns and general steerage.

Conclusion

Flight period between New York and Istanbul represents a posh interaction of a number of elements. Direct flights usually vary from 9 to eleven hours, whereas connecting flights, influenced by layover durations, can prolong journey time considerably. Airline selections, particular routes, seasonal wind patterns, and departure/arrival airport procedures additional contribute to variations in general journey size. Cautious consideration of those components permits for knowledgeable decision-making and practical expectations relating to complete journey time.

Environment friendly journey between these two main worldwide hubs requires a complete understanding of the elements influencing flight period. Strategic planning, knowledgeable route choice, and proactive administration of potential delays contribute to optimized journey experiences. Recognizing the dynamic nature of air journey and adapting to real-time situations ensures smoother, extra predictable journeys between New York and Istanbul.