9+ CA to Ireland Flight Time: 2023 Guide


9+ CA to Ireland Flight Time: 2023 Guide

The period of a journey by air between the western coast of the USA and the island nation of Eire sometimes ranges from 10 to 12 hours, relying on components reminiscent of particular departure and arrival airports, chosen airline, and prevailing wind circumstances. For instance, a nonstop flight from Los Angeles to Dublin would possibly take roughly 11 hours, whereas a flight with a layover may lengthen the overall journey time significantly.

Understanding the standard size of such transatlantic flights is essential for vacationers planning itineraries. Correct estimations enable for efficient scheduling of connecting flights, floor transportation, and lodging. Traditionally, these journeys took considerably longer, involving a number of stops and sometimes spanning a number of days. Fashionable aviation expertise has dramatically diminished journey time, facilitating simpler and extra frequent transatlantic connections for each enterprise and leisure functions. This accessibility has fostered stronger worldwide relations and elevated cultural trade between the 2 areas.

This understanding of transatlantic journey period units the stage for a deeper exploration of associated subjects, together with the affect of flight routes on general journey time, the comparative advantages of various airways and their respective choices, and suggestions for managing long-haul flights comfortably and effectively.

1. Departure Airports

The selection of departure airport in California considerably influences the general period of a flight to Eire. This influence stems from components reminiscent of geographical location, accessible routes, and the frequency of direct flights. Understanding these variations permits vacationers to optimize their itinerary for time effectivity.

  • Geographical Location

    California’s main worldwide airports are unfold throughout a substantial distance. Flights originating from northern California airports like San Francisco (SFO) usually entail shorter transatlantic journeys to Eire in comparison with these departing from southern California airports like Los Angeles (LAX). This distinction arises from the diminished distance traversed.

  • Out there Routes

    Not all California airports provide direct flights to Eire. Some airports would possibly necessitate connecting flights, sometimes by means of main European hubs, including a number of hours to the general journey time. For instance, a traveler departing from San Diego (SAN) would possibly join by means of London Heathrow (LHR) earlier than reaching Dublin (DUB), considerably extending the journey.

  • Frequency of Direct Flights

    Airports with extra frequent direct flights to Eire provide better flexibility and probably shorter journey instances by eliminating layover durations. Los Angeles Worldwide Airport (LAX), as an illustration, usually supplies extra direct flight choices to Dublin than smaller Californian airports, decreasing general journey time for passengers.

  • Airline Hubs

    Sure California airports function hubs for particular airways, impacting route choices and potential layover areas. A traveler flying with an airline that makes use of San Francisco (SFO) as a hub would possibly encounter fewer connecting flight choices to Eire in comparison with airways using a bigger worldwide hub.

Contemplating these components associated to departure airports is important for correct journey planning. Choosing an airport with direct flights, handy routing, and a good geographical location contributes to a extra environment friendly and probably much less tiring transatlantic journey to Eire.

2. Arrival Airports

The choice of an arrival airport in Eire performs a vital function in figuring out the general period of a flight from California. Totally different airports serve distinct areas of Eire, influencing subsequent journey instances to remaining locations. Understanding the geographical areas and accessible transportation choices at every arrival airport permits vacationers to reduce general journey time and optimize their itineraries.

  • Dublin Airport (DUB)

    As Eire’s busiest airport, Dublin Airport serves as the first entry level for a lot of worldwide vacationers. Situated close to the capital metropolis, it provides intensive floor transportation choices, together with rail, bus, and automobile rental companies, facilitating handy entry to varied components of Eire. Nevertheless, vacationers heading to locations considerably farther from Dublin would possibly expertise prolonged journey instances following their flight.

  • Shannon Airport (SNN)

    Located on the west coast of Eire, Shannon Airport provides a handy gateway to the western and southern areas of the nation. Whereas it’d provide a shorter flight time from sure California airports, the onward journey to locations additional afield in Eire may probably enhance general journey period in comparison with arriving in Dublin.

  • Cork Airport (ORK)

    Serving the southern area of Eire, Cork Airport provides another arrival level. Whereas it’d current a geographically advantageous choice for vacationers heading to southern locations, restricted flight choices from California usually necessitate connecting flights, probably including to the general journey time.

  • Knock Eire West Airport (NOC)

    Situated within the west of Eire, Knock Airport serves the northwest area. Its geographical place could be helpful for vacationers heading to this particular space. Nevertheless, just like Cork Airport, the restricted availability of direct flights from California would possibly require connecting flights, probably extending the general journey time.

Subsequently, selecting an arrival airport in Eire requires cautious consideration of the ultimate vacation spot and the steadiness between flight period and subsequent floor journey time. Direct flights to a serious hub like Dublin would possibly provide probably the most environment friendly general journey time, whereas smaller regional airports could be advantageous for locations inside their proximity, even when they necessitate connecting flights from California.

3. Nonstop Flights

Nonstop flights characterize a important issue influencing the general period of journey between California and Eire. Minimizing journey time is a main concern for a lot of transatlantic passengers, and the supply of nonstop routes straight addresses this want. Analyzing the important thing features of nonstop flights reveals their significance within the context of California to Eire flight instances.

  • Decreased Journey Time

    Essentially the most important benefit of nonstop flights is the elimination of layovers. Connecting flights introduce further time spent ready in transit, disembarking and re-embarking, and probably navigating unfamiliar airports. A nonstop flight from San Francisco to Dublin, as an illustration, can save a number of hours in comparison with a routed flight with a connection in a European metropolis like London or Amsterdam.

  • Elevated Comfort

    Past the time saved, nonstop flights provide enhanced comfort. Passengers keep away from the complexities and potential stresses related to transferring between flights, together with baggage dealing with considerations and potential missed connections. This streamlined journey expertise contributes to a much less tiring and extra predictable journey.

  • Availability and Frequency

    Whereas extremely fascinating, nonstop flights usually are not all the time accessible from each California airport to each vacation spot in Eire. Sure routes, reminiscent of these between main hubs like Los Angeles and Dublin, are inclined to have extra frequent nonstop service than much less traveled routes. Vacationers would possibly want to contemplate different airports or journey dates to safe a nonstop flight, impacting general journey planning.

  • Value Issues

    Nonstop flights usually command a premium worth in comparison with connecting flights. The comfort and time financial savings related to a direct route contribute to larger fares. Vacationers should weigh the worth of diminished journey time in opposition to potential price range constraints when contemplating nonstop versus connecting flight choices.

In conclusion, the supply of nonstop flights performs a pivotal function in figuring out California to Eire flight instances. Whereas the diminished journey time and elevated comfort provide important benefits, vacationers should additionally think about the frequency of those flights on their chosen route, together with potential value implications. Balancing these components permits for knowledgeable decision-making and environment friendly journey planning for a transatlantic journey.

4. Connecting Flights

Connecting flights characterize a major issue influencing general journey time between California and Eire. Whereas they usually current a extra inexpensive different to nonstop routes, they introduce complexities that require cautious consideration throughout journey planning. Understanding the nuances of connecting flights is essential for managing expectations and optimizing itineraries for transatlantic journeys.

  • Layover Length and Location

    Layover durations can vary from a short hour to an prolonged in a single day keep, considerably impacting the overall journey time. Moreover, the situation of the layover influences the general journey. A connection by means of a busy European hub like London Heathrow would possibly contain longer transit instances and extra advanced airport navigation in comparison with a smaller airport. Vacationers ought to fastidiously consider layover durations and areas to reduce inconvenience and potential delays.

  • Airline Partnerships and Interlining Agreements

    Connecting flights usually contain a number of airways. Clean transitions between flights depend upon whether or not the airways have partnerships or interlining agreements. These agreements facilitate baggage switch and coordinated scheduling, minimizing the danger of missed connections and baggage dealing with points. Conversely, connecting flights with disparate airways can introduce complexities and potential delays.

  • Potential for Delays and Missed Connections

    Connecting flights introduce the next danger of delays and missed connections in comparison with nonstop routes. A delayed preliminary flight can disrupt subsequent connections, probably resulting in prolonged layovers, missed bookings, and the necessity for re-routing. Vacationers ought to think about potential delays when planning itineraries and think about journey insurance coverage to mitigate potential disruptions.

  • Value Financial savings vs. Time Commerce-off

    Connecting flights regularly provide decrease fares than nonstop choices. Nevertheless, this value saving comes on the expense of elevated journey time and potential complexities related to layovers and transfers. Vacationers should fastidiously weigh the cost-benefit ratio between probably decrease fares and the prolonged period and elevated logistical challenges of connecting flights.

In abstract, connecting flights add a layer of complexity to California-Eire journey plans. Whereas the potential for value financial savings is engaging, vacationers should fastidiously think about the implications of layovers, airline partnerships, and the elevated danger of delays. A radical understanding of those components allows knowledgeable decision-making and a extra manageable transatlantic journey expertise, balancing value issues with the will for environment friendly and predictable journey instances.

5. Seasonal Variations

Seasonal differences exert a substantial affect on California to Eire flight instances. Peak journey seasons, significantly summer season and vacation intervals, expertise heightened demand, leading to longer flight durations as a result of elevated air site visitors congestion and potential delays. Conversely, the low season usually presents shorter flight instances as a result of decreased demand and fewer congested airspace. For instance, a flight from Los Angeles to Dublin in July would possibly expertise delays as a result of larger site visitors quantity at each airports, growing the general journey time in comparison with the same flight in February. Airways usually alter flight schedules and frequencies to accommodate seasonal demand fluctuations. This could result in variations in accessible routes, probably requiring connecting flights throughout much less common journey intervals, which may inadvertently enhance general journey period.

Understanding seasonal influences is essential for efficient journey planning. Reserving flights throughout much less congested intervals may end up in shorter journey instances and probably decrease fares. Nevertheless, restricted flight availability throughout the low season would possibly prohibit journey date flexibility. Conversely, reserving effectively upfront throughout peak seasons can safe most well-liked flight instances however usually at a premium worth. Moreover, acknowledging potential weather-related delays throughout particular seasons, reminiscent of winter storms, permits vacationers to anticipate potential disruptions and alter itineraries accordingly. This proactive strategy helps mitigate the influence of unexpected circumstances on general journey time.

In abstract, recognizing the influence of seasonal differences on California to Eire flight instances empowers vacationers to make knowledgeable selections. Balancing value issues, desired journey dates, and potential delays permits for a extra environment friendly and predictable journey expertise. Cautious planning, contemplating these seasonal influences, contributes considerably to optimizing transatlantic journeys and minimizing potential journey disruptions.

6. Airline Selection

Airline choice considerably influences the general period of flights from California to Eire. Totally different airways provide various routes, plane varieties, and layover choices, all impacting complete journey time. A strategic strategy to airline alternative is important for optimizing journey effectivity and managing general journey period.

  • Direct vs. Connecting Routes

    Airways differ of their route choices. Some present nonstop flights between California and Eire, minimizing journey time, whereas others provide connecting flights by means of intermediate hubs, probably including a number of hours to the journey. For example, Aer Lingus usually provides direct flights from San Francisco to Dublin, whereas different airways would possibly route passengers by means of London or different European cities. Evaluating airline route choices based mostly on direct versus connecting flights is essential for minimizing journey time.

  • Plane Sort and Velocity

    The kind of plane employed by an airline additionally influences flight period. Fashionable plane with larger cruising speeds can scale back journey time in comparison with older fashions. For instance, a more recent Boeing 787 Dreamliner would possibly full the transatlantic journey sooner than an older Airbus A330. Contemplating plane sort when deciding on an airline can contribute to a extra time-efficient journey.

  • Layover Airport Effectivity

    For connecting flights, the effectivity of the layover airport performs a major function in general journey time. Airways using hubs recognized for clean and speedy transfers can reduce layover durations in comparison with these with much less environment friendly hubs. A connection by means of Amsterdam Schiphol, famend for its streamlined switch processes, is prone to be faster than a connection by means of a extra congested airport. Contemplating the layover airport’s effectivity when selecting an airline contributes to a smoother and probably sooner general journey.

  • Scheduling and Frequency

    Airways range of their flight scheduling and frequency. Some airways provide extra frequent flights, offering flexibility and probably shorter ready instances in comparison with airways with restricted schedules. The next frequency of flights additionally permits vacationers better management over departure and arrival instances, contributing to higher itinerary administration and probably minimizing general journey period. For example, an airline with a number of every day flights provides better flexibility in comparison with one with solely a single weekly flight.

Subsequently, cautious consideration of airline alternative, encompassing route choices, plane sort, layover airport effectivity, and scheduling frequency, is paramount for optimizing California to Eire flight instances. A strategic strategy to airline choice permits vacationers to prioritize effectivity and reduce general journey period, guaranteeing a smoother and extra time-effective transatlantic journey.

7. Wind Circumstances

Wind circumstances characterize a major, albeit usually neglected, issue influencing flight instances between California and Eire. Prevailing winds, significantly the jet stream, exert a considerable influence on plane pace and consequently, general journey period. Understanding the function of wind patterns is essential for comprehending the variability of transatlantic flight instances.

  • Jet Stream Influence

    The jet stream, a high-altitude band of sturdy winds, flows eastward throughout the North Atlantic. Flights touring from California to Eire sometimes encounter both headwinds or tailwinds relying on the jet stream’s place and power. Tailwinds propel plane ahead, decreasing flight instances, whereas headwinds resist ahead movement, growing journey period. A powerful tailwind can shave hours off a transatlantic flight, whereas a robust headwind can add appreciable time.

  • Seasonal Variations in Wind Patterns

    The jet stream’s place and power fluctuate seasonally. Throughout winter months, the jet stream sometimes strengthens and shifts southward, resulting in stronger tailwinds for eastbound flights and consequently shorter journey instances from California to Eire. Conversely, throughout summer season months, the jet stream weakens and strikes northward, leading to weaker tailwinds and even headwinds, probably growing flight durations.

  • Flight Route Planning and Wind Optimization

    Airways think about prevailing wind circumstances when planning flight routes. Flight paths are sometimes adjusted to make the most of favorable tailwinds or reduce the influence of antagonistic headwinds. This dynamic routing goals to optimize flight instances and gas effectivity. Fashionable flight planning software program incorporates real-time wind information to calculate probably the most environment friendly routes, minimizing the affect of wind circumstances on general journey period.

  • Influence on Flight Schedules and Predictions

    Whereas airways try to optimize flight paths for wind circumstances, surprising shifts in wind patterns can nonetheless influence flight schedules and result in delays. Robust headwinds can enhance flight instances past preliminary predictions, leading to later arrivals. Monitoring wind forecasts is important for anticipating potential delays and managing journey expectations.

In conclusion, wind circumstances, significantly the jet stream’s affect, are integral to understanding variations in California to Eire flight instances. Whereas flight planning accounts for prevailing winds, the dynamic nature of those patterns necessitates ongoing changes and may influence flight durations. Recognizing the function of wind circumstances supplies invaluable context for vacationers anticipating transatlantic journeys and underscores the significance of flexibility in journey planning.

8. Plane Sort

Plane sort performs a vital function in figuring out the period of flights from California to Eire. Totally different plane possess various efficiency traits, together with cruising pace, gas effectivity, and vary, all of which straight affect flight instances. Understanding the connection between plane sort and transatlantic flight period is important for knowledgeable journey planning.

  • Cruising Velocity

    The cruising pace of an plane straight impacts flight time. Plane with larger cruising speeds, such because the Boeing 787 Dreamliner or Airbus A350, can traverse the gap between California and Eire sooner than older, slower plane just like the Boeing 767 or Airbus A330. This distinction in pace can translate to a noticeable variation in general journey time, probably saving hours on a transatlantic journey.

  • Gas Effectivity and Vary

    Gas effectivity influences flight planning, significantly regarding mandatory refueling stops. Extremely fuel-efficient plane, just like the Airbus A350-900ULR, can fly longer distances with out refueling, probably enabling direct flights from California to Eire which may not be possible for much less fuel-efficient plane. Eliminating a refueling cease can considerably scale back general journey time.

  • Plane Measurement and Passenger Capability

    Whereas circuitously impacting cruising pace, plane measurement not directly influences flight time. Bigger plane, designed for larger passenger capability, usually require longer taxiing and takeoff instances. This added time, whereas comparatively small in comparison with the general flight period, can contribute to marginal variations in complete journey time, particularly when contemplating connecting flights.

  • Airline Fleet Composition and Route Project

    Airways function various fleets of plane, every assigned to particular routes based mostly on components like passenger demand, route distance, and operational prices. Sure airways would possibly deploy newer, sooner plane on transatlantic routes, whereas others would possibly make the most of older plane. Consequently, the selection of airline can not directly decide the plane sort and affect general flight time. Researching an airline’s fleet composition for particular routes can present insights into potential journey durations.

In abstract, plane sort considerably influences California to Eire flight instances. Cruising pace, gas effectivity, plane measurement, and airline fleet composition all contribute to variations in journey period. Understanding these components allows vacationers to make knowledgeable selections relating to airline and route choice, optimizing their transatlantic journey expertise for effectivity and probably minimizing general journey time.

9. Journey Class

Whereas journey class doesn’t straight alter the physics of flight time between California and Eire, it could possibly not directly affect the general journey expertise and perceived period. Elements related to completely different journey courses, reminiscent of expedited boarding and disembarking processes, can marginally influence the overall time spent touring, particularly when connections are concerned. Moreover, the extent of consolation and facilities provided in premium cabins can considerably have an effect on how passengers understand the size of the flight.

  • Expedited Airport Processes

    Premium cabin courses, reminiscent of Enterprise and First Class, usually embody perks like precedence check-in, safety clearance, and baggage dealing with. These expedited processes can save invaluable time, significantly in busy airports, decreasing general journey time in comparison with passengers in Financial system Class. This benefit turns into extra pronounced when connecting flights are concerned, minimizing the danger of delays as a result of prolonged airport procedures. For instance, precedence boarding can save 15-Half-hour in comparison with commonplace boarding, which could be essential for tight connections.

  • Lounge Entry and Facilities

    Entry to airport lounges, sometimes provided to premium cabin passengers, can contribute to a extra relaxed and environment friendly journey expertise. Lounges present snug seating, refreshments, and sometimes devoted workspaces, permitting passengers to make the most of their transit time productively or just loosen up earlier than their flight. Whereas circuitously decreasing flight time, lounge entry can improve the general journey expertise and alleviate the stress related to lengthy journeys, making the perceived period really feel shorter.

  • In-Flight Consolation and Facilities

    The extent of consolation and facilities supplied in numerous journey courses can affect passengers’ notion of flight period. Premium cabins provide extra spacious seating, lie-flat beds, enhanced eating choices, and customized leisure programs. These facilities contribute to a extra restful and interesting expertise, making lengthy flights appear much less arduous in comparison with the extra confined atmosphere of Financial system Class. A extra snug and interesting expertise could make a 10-hour flight really feel subjectively shorter.

  • Onboard Service and Effectivity

    Whereas seemingly minor, the effectivity of onboard companies, reminiscent of meal and beverage service, can subtly affect the perceived period of a flight. Premium cabins sometimes expertise extra attentive and customized service, minimizing wait instances and disruptions. Whereas the precise flight time stays unaffected, a seamless and environment friendly onboard service can improve passenger consolation and contribute to a extra optimistic notion of the journey’s size.

In conclusion, whereas journey class doesn’t alter the precise California to Eire flight time, the related perks and facilities can not directly affect the general journey expertise. Expedited airport processes, lounge entry, and enhanced in-flight consolation can contribute to a extra environment friendly and fewer worrying journey, probably making the perceived period of the flight really feel shorter. These components, whereas secondary to the first consideration of flight time, are essential issues for vacationers searching for to optimize their transatlantic journey expertise.

Steadily Requested Questions

This part addresses widespread inquiries relating to flight durations between California and Eire, offering concise and informative responses to facilitate knowledgeable journey planning.

Query 1: What’s the common flight period for a nonstop flight from California to Eire?

Nonstop flights sometimes vary from 10 to 12 hours, relying on the particular departure and arrival airports and prevailing wind circumstances. Flights from Southern California are usually barely longer than these from Northern California.

Query 2: How do connecting flights have an effect on general journey time?

Connecting flights introduce layover durations, extending the overall journey time. The size of layovers, connecting airport effectivity, and potential delays can add a number of hours to the journey.

Query 3: Which airways provide nonstop flights between California and Eire?

Airways reminiscent of Aer Lingus, United, and Delta regularly provide nonstop service on choose routes. Nevertheless, route availability varies relying on the particular departure and arrival airports.

Query 4: How do seasonal differences influence flight instances and availability?

Peak journey seasons, like summer season and holidays, can expertise elevated air site visitors congestion, resulting in potential delays. Low season journey usually presents shorter flight instances however probably restricted flight availability.

Query 5: Do wind circumstances have an effect on transatlantic flight instances?

Prevailing winds, significantly the jet stream, can considerably affect flight instances. Tailwinds can scale back journey time, whereas headwinds can enhance journey period.

Query 6: How does the selection of arrival airport in Eire have an effect on general journey time?

The chosen arrival airport influences subsequent floor transportation time to remaining locations. Whereas Dublin Airport provides handy entry to varied components of Eire, different airports like Shannon or Cork may be extra advantageous for particular areas.

Understanding these components permits for simpler journey planning. Contemplating these widespread inquiries contributes to a extra knowledgeable and life like understanding of the complexities influencing transatlantic flight durations. Cautious planning and consideration of those components optimize journey itineraries and reduce potential disruptions.

This FAQ part serves as a basis for additional exploration of particular journey planning issues. The following part delves deeper into methods for optimizing itineraries and managing long-haul flights successfully.

Ideas for Optimizing Transatlantic Journey to Eire

Minimizing journey fatigue and maximizing time effectivity are paramount for transatlantic journeys. The following tips provide sensible methods for optimizing itineraries and managing long-haul flights successfully, specializing in components influencing general journey period between California and Eire.

Tip 1: Leverage Flight Comparability Web sites: Using flight comparability web sites permits vacationers to discover a variety of airways, routes, and dates, facilitating the identification of optimum flight choices balancing value and period. These platforms usually spotlight nonstop flights, minimizing general journey time.

Tip 2: Contemplate Off-Season Journey: Touring throughout much less congested intervals, reminiscent of spring or autumn, may end up in shorter flight instances as a result of diminished air site visitors. Low season journey additionally presents alternatives for decrease fares.

Tip 3: Ebook Flights in Advance: Advance reserving, particularly throughout peak season, secures most well-liked flight instances and probably decrease fares. Early reserving supplies better management over itinerary planning and permits for higher administration of connecting flights.

Tip 4: Consider Layover Durations Strategically: When connecting flights are unavoidable, fastidiously consider layover durations. Excessively quick layovers enhance the danger of missed connections, whereas excessively lengthy layovers add pointless time to the journey. Goal for balanced layover durations permitting enough time for snug transfers.

Tip 5: Choose Arrival Airports Correctly: The selection of arrival airport in Eire ought to align with the ultimate vacation spot. Whereas Dublin Airport serves as a central hub, regional airports like Shannon or Cork may be extra handy for particular locations, decreasing subsequent floor journey time.

Tip 6: Be Aware of Airline Alliances: Reserving flights with airways inside the similar alliance can streamline baggage switch and reduce potential disruptions throughout connecting flights, contributing to a smoother and probably sooner general journey.

Tip 7: Account for Potential Delays: Incorporating buffer time into journey plans permits for flexibility in case of unexpected delays as a result of climate, air site visitors congestion, or different unexpected circumstances. This proactive strategy minimizes disruptions to subsequent journey preparations.

Tip 8: Pack Good for Lengthy-Haul Flights: Environment friendly packing minimizes baggage dealing with time and streamlines airport procedures. Carry-on baggage containing important gadgets additional reduces ready time at baggage declare, contributing to a faster airport expertise.

By implementing these methods, vacationers can considerably optimize transatlantic journeys to Eire. Minimizing journey time by means of knowledgeable decision-making enhances the general journey expertise and permits for extra environment friendly use of invaluable trip or enterprise time.

The following tips set the stage for a concluding dialogue on the significance of knowledgeable journey planning and the long-term advantages of optimizing transatlantic flight instances.

Conclusion

This exploration of the assorted components influencing durations of flights from California to Eire has highlighted the complexities inherent in transatlantic journey planning. Key issues embody the selection of departure and arrival airports, the supply of nonstop versus connecting flights, the influence of seasonal differences and wind circumstances, the affect of airline choice and plane sort, and even the oblique results of journey class. Every component contributes to the general journey period and necessitates cautious analysis throughout the planning course of. Environment friendly and efficient itinerary improvement depends on a radical understanding of those interconnected components.

Knowledgeable decision-making relating to these components empowers vacationers to optimize itineraries, reduce journey time, and improve the general transatlantic expertise. Strategic planning, knowledgeable by a complete understanding of the weather affecting flight durations, finally unlocks better effectivity and reduces potential travel-related stress. This proactive strategy to journey preparation units the stage for a smoother, extra predictable, and finally extra rewarding journey from California to Eire.