Oklahoma, with its diverse landscapes ranging from prairies to forests and mountains, is home to a surprisingly varied population of snakes. While many Oklahomans harbor a fear of snakes, understanding these creatures is crucial to appreciating their role in the ecosystem and ensuring your safety. This guide provides information on identifying common Oklahoma snakes, along with advice on what to do if you encounter one. We'll also address some frequently asked questions about snakes in the state.
What Types of Snakes Live in Oklahoma?
Oklahoma boasts a rich herpetofauna, with over 40 species of snakes calling the state home. These snakes vary dramatically in size, color, and temperament. Some are venomous, requiring caution, while others are harmless and even beneficial to the environment. Identifying a snake accurately is critical; misidentification can lead to unnecessary fear or dangerous handling. While we can't provide photos directly here, conducting image searches using the names below will yield numerous results.
Here are some of the most common snakes found in Oklahoma, categorized by venom level:
Venomous Snakes:
- Copperhead (Agkistrodon contortrix): A pit viper recognized by its copper-colored head and hourglass-shaped markings along its body.
- Cottonmouth (Agkistrodon piscivorus): Also known as a water moccasin, this pit viper is found near water sources and has a distinctive dark, almost black, band around its mouth.
- Timber Rattlesnake (Crotalus horridus): This large pit viper is identified by its large size, heavy body, and characteristic rattle at the end of its tail.
- Western Diamondback Rattlesnake (Crotalus atrox): Another large, venomous pit viper, distinguished by its diamond-shaped markings.
Non-Venomous Snakes:
- Black Racer (Coluber constrictor): A fast-moving, black snake often mistaken for a venomous species.
- Corn Snake (Pantherophis guttatus): A docile snake known for its beautiful patterns and relatively calm temperament.
- Great Plains Rat Snake (Pantherophis emoryi): A large, non-venomous snake that plays a significant role in rodent control.
- Garter Snake (Thamnophis sirtalis): A common, slender snake with distinctive stripes.
What Should I Do If I See a Snake in Oklahoma?
Encountering a snake can be alarming, but it's important to remain calm and take the appropriate steps:
- Identify the snake (if possible, from a safe distance). If you can identify it as non-venomous, you can likely leave it alone.
- Give the snake space. Do not approach it, try to handle it, or attempt to kill it.
- Slowly back away. Maintain eye contact and move carefully to avoid startling the snake.
- If you're bitten by a venomous snake, seek immediate medical attention. Call emergency services and remain calm.
What is the Most Venomous Snake in Oklahoma?
While all venomous snakes pose a threat, the Western Diamondback Rattlesnake is generally considered the most dangerous snake in Oklahoma due to its size, venom potency, and frequency of encounters. Its venom is potent, and bites can be serious.
What is the Most Common Snake in Oklahoma?
The Western Rat Snake (now more commonly known as the Great Plains Rat Snake) is likely one of the most common snakes found across Oklahoma, though exact numbers are difficult to pinpoint. Its prevalence is due, in part, to its adaptability and its role as an effective predator of rodents.
Where Can I Find More Information and Photos of Oklahoma Snakes?
Several resources can assist in identifying Oklahoma snakes. The Oklahoma Biological Survey offers valuable information, and online databases like the Herpetological Society of Oklahoma can provide detailed images and descriptions. Local universities with herpetology programs may also have resources available to the public. Remember to always observe wildlife from a safe distance, respecting their natural habitat.
Remember, responsible observation and a healthy respect for wildlife are key to coexisting peacefully with Oklahoma's fascinating snake population. While a fear of snakes is common, knowledge empowers us to appreciate their role in the ecosystem and ensure both their safety and ours.
