Oklahoma boasts a diverse array of snake species, ranging from harmless garter snakes to venomous copperheads. Understanding these reptiles is crucial for safety and appreciating the state's rich biodiversity. While finding "pictures of Oklahoma snakes" online is easy, this guide aims to provide more context and information beyond just images. We'll explore common species, their identification, and what to do if you encounter one.
What Kinds of Snakes Live in Oklahoma?
Oklahoma's varied terrain, from grasslands to forests to mountains, supports a wide range of snake habitats. Some of the most commonly encountered snakes include:
- Eastern Ratsnake: A large, non-venomous snake often mistaken for a copperhead due to its patterned coloration. They are excellent climbers and known for their ability to consume rodents.
- Western Ratsnake: Similar to the Eastern Ratsnake but with subtle variations in pattern and scale characteristics. These are also non-venomous and important for rodent control.
- Copperhead: A venomous pit viper with a distinctive reddish-brown hourglass pattern on its back. They are ambush predators and prefer rocky, wooded areas. Exercise caution if you encounter one.
- Cottonmouth (Water Moccasin): Another venomous pit viper, found near water sources. They have a characteristic dark, almost black, coloration and a broad, flattened head.
- Prairie Kingsnake: A non-venomous snake with striking bands of color. They are known for their ability to consume other snakes, including venomous species.
- Garter Snake: Several species of garter snakes inhabit Oklahoma. These are small, non-venomous snakes often found near water. They are usually brightly colored and easily identifiable.
- Racer: Slender, fast-moving snakes, often appearing in a variety of colors from brown to black. They are non-venomous and primarily feed on lizards and other small animals.
How Can I Identify Oklahoma Snakes?
Identifying snakes accurately requires careful observation of several characteristics:
- Color and Pattern: Note the overall color, the presence of bands, spots, or other markings. Pay attention to the pattern's shape and regularity.
- Head Shape: Venomous snakes often have triangular heads, whereas non-venomous snakes typically have more rounded heads. However, this is not always a reliable indicator.
- Body Shape and Size: Observe the snake's overall body shape—slender, robust, etc.—and its approximate length.
- Pupil Shape: The shape of the pupils (round or elliptical) can sometimes be helpful in identification.
- Scale Characteristics: While this requires a closer look (and possibly a field guide), the arrangement and shape of scales can be crucial for accurate identification.
It is crucial to remember that relying solely on online pictures for identification can be unreliable and potentially dangerous, particularly when dealing with venomous species. Consulting a field guide specific to Oklahoma snakes or seeking expert advice from herpetologists is recommended.
What Should I Do if I See a Snake in Oklahoma?
Most snake encounters are harmless, as most Oklahoma snakes are non-venomous and will flee if given the opportunity. However, it's essential to know how to react:
- Maintain a Safe Distance: Do not approach the snake. Give it space to move away.
- Observe from Afar: If possible, take note of its characteristics to help with identification later. Photography is helpful, but prioritize safety.
- Avoid Sudden Movements: Quick movements can startle the snake and potentially lead to a defensive strike, especially with venomous species.
- Never Attempt to Handle a Snake: Even if you believe the snake is non-venomous, handling wild snakes can be dangerous.
- Keep Children and Pets Away: Supervise children and pets carefully to prevent accidental encounters.
- If Bitten by a Venomous Snake: Seek immediate medical attention. Try to remember the snake's appearance to aid in treatment. Remain calm and avoid strenuous activity.
What are Some Resources for Identifying Oklahoma Snakes?
While this article provides an overview, there are many resources available for more in-depth information:
- Oklahoma Biological Survey: This organization conducts research on Oklahoma's wildlife, including reptiles and amphibians.
- Local Herpetological Societies: These groups often have expertise and resources specific to your region of Oklahoma.
- Field Guides: Several field guides focus on the snakes of Oklahoma and the surrounding states.
Remember, responsible observation and respect for wildlife are key to coexisting safely with Oklahoma's diverse snake population. Using available resources to identify snakes correctly is crucial for both safety and appreciating the natural beauty of the Sooner State.
