Austin, Texas, boasts a vibrant ecosystem, and that includes a diverse population of snakes. Understanding the snakes that share our urban and natural spaces is crucial for safety and appreciating the natural world around us. This guide explores the common snakes found in and around Austin, offering identification tips and advice on how to coexist peacefully.
What types of snakes live in Austin, Texas?
Austin's diverse habitats—from the rolling hills to the wooded areas and even urban gardens—support a variety of snake species. Some are harmless, while others possess venom. It's vital to learn to identify them correctly. Common snakes include:
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Texas Rat Snake ( Pantherophis obsoletus): Often mistaken for a venomous copperhead, the Texas Rat Snake is a large, non-venomous constrictor. It's usually gray or brown with darker blotches and plays a crucial role in controlling rodent populations.
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Western Ratsnake (Pantherophis obsoletus): A subspecies of the Texas Rat Snake, the Western Ratsnake shares similar characteristics but may exhibit variations in color and pattern depending on location within Texas.
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Corn Snake (Pantherophis guttatus): A relatively small, non-venomous snake, often kept as pets. Wild corn snakes in the Austin area are usually reddish-brown with dark blotches.
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Coachwhip Snake (Masticophis flagellum): Long and slender, this non-venomous snake is typically light brown to dark brown, known for its fast movements and its habit of chasing and consuming rodents.
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Texas Brown Snake (Storeria browni): A small, secretive snake, it’s typically brown or grayish-brown, and completely harmless.
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Copperhead (Agkistrodon contortrix): Venomous. Easily identified by its hourglass-shaped markings on its back, copperheads are ambush predators, preferring to stay hidden. A bite requires immediate medical attention.
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Cottonmouth (Agkistrodon piscivorus): Also known as water moccasins, these venomous snakes are typically found near water sources. They are stout-bodied and have dark, almost black, bands. A cottonmouth bite requires immediate medical attention.
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Speckled Racer (Salvadora grahamiae): This sleek, fast, and non-venomous snake is a beautiful sight, though its speed can make it hard to positively identify.
It’s extremely important to note: This list isn't exhaustive, and accurate identification requires careful observation and potentially professional assistance. Never attempt to handle a snake unless you are absolutely certain of its identity and have the necessary expertise.
Are there poisonous snakes in Austin, Texas?
Yes, there are venomous snakes in Austin. The most common are the Copperhead and the Cottonmouth. Both species possess hemotoxic venom, which affects blood cells and tissues. Their bites are serious and require immediate medical attention. Seek professional medical help immediately after a bite from any suspected venomous snake.
How can I identify a venomous snake in Austin?
Identifying venomous snakes requires attention to detail and should never be attempted without proper training. While generalizations are useful starting points, individual variations exist. Key features to look for in venomous snakes include:
- Triangular head: Venomous snakes often have a distinctly triangular-shaped head.
- Heat-sensing pits: Some venomous snakes possess heat-sensing pits located between the eyes and nostrils.
- Vertical pupils (elliptical): Venomous snakes typically have vertical pupils, like cat eyes. (Note: This is not a foolproof identifier).
- Distinct markings: Pay close attention to the pattern and coloration of the snake. Copperheads have the characteristic hourglass pattern.
What should I do if I see a snake in my Austin home or yard?
Most snakes are beneficial to the environment and will avoid contact with humans. If you encounter a snake, calmly observe it from a distance, keeping pets and children away. Do not attempt to capture or kill it. Here’s what to do:
- Give it space: Create distance between yourself and the snake. Allow it to move on its own.
- Call a professional: If the snake is venomous, poses an immediate threat, or is located in an undesirable area (like near a doorway), contact a wildlife removal specialist.
- Never attempt to handle a snake unless you are a trained professional.
What is the best way to prevent snakes from entering my Austin home?
Snakes often seek shelter and food sources. Taking preventative measures around your home can deter them:
- Seal openings: Inspect your home's foundation, exterior walls, and roof for any cracks or gaps that snakes could enter through. Seal these openings with caulk or other appropriate materials.
- Maintain landscaping: Keep your lawn trimmed, remove brush piles and debris near your home, and remove potential food sources (such as rodents).
- Secure garbage: Keep garbage cans securely covered and stored away from your house.
Remember, snakes are part of the natural environment, and learning to coexist peacefully requires understanding and responsible actions. By taking preventative measures and acting responsibly when encountering snakes, we can all share Austin's beautiful natural spaces safely.
